As was the case in 2.4, 802.11n gave us the ability to use 40MHz channels. There is significantly more spectrum available in this band, with each channel occupying its own 20 MHz non-overlapping slice. This is where the topic of channel width gets interesting. Now that we have that covered, let’s move the discussion over to 5GHz. With its limited amount of available spectrum, it is highly recommended that only non-overlapping 20 MHz channels are used, even though the ability to use 40MHz was introduced in 802.11n. Up to this point, we have only used the 2.4GHz band for examples. This is caused by more devices trying to gain access to the wireless medium on the same channel, making STAs wait longer for their chance to transmit. While not as damaging as ACI, CCI will also degrade performance. This means that any STA that has anything to transmit now must wait for not only the other STAs associated to the same AP, but also all the STAs associated to the other AP on the same channel. This essentially turns both cells (a cell is the coverage area for an AP) into one big cell. This type of interference is called Adjacent Channel Interference (ACI).Ĭo-Channel Interference (CCI), on the other hand, is when 2 or more AP’s that are in the same area are operating on the same channel. When overlapping channels are used (2-5, 7-10 in 2.4GHz), any stations (STAs) on those channels will transmit independent of what is happening on the other channels, causing a degradation of performance. Put simply, only one device can transmit at a time. Without getting too deep on how wireless communication happens, when a station (Access Point, client device, etc.) has something to transmit, it must wait for the channel to be clear. Channels 2-5 interfere with 1 and 6, while 7-10 interfere with 6 and 11. 2.4 GHz Channel PlanningĮven though there are 11 channels available in 2.4GHz, only 3 of them do not “overlap” or interfere with one other: 1, 6, and 11. In the 5GHz band, we have channels ranging from 36 up to 165, and in the 6 GHz band, we have Wi-Fi channels ranging from 1-233. Both frequencies allow for channel width from 20 MHz-160 MHz). In the United States, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) allocates spectrum in both bands for wireless communication and has now expanded that spectrum allocation to include 6 GHz (More info to come on that!). The 2.4GHz band is broken up into 11 channels (1-11), each 20MHz wide. The IEEE 802.11 standard defines operation for wireless networks in both the 2.4GHz and 5GHz frequency ranges. One of the most important is deciding on the proper channel width to use.īefore we go too much further, let’s go over a few of the basics. Whether you are using a static channel plan or a vendor’s dynamic channel assessment/assignment algorithm (pretty much all of them offer some version of this functionality), there are a few things to consider besides just picking Wi-Fi channels. A well-developed channel scheme will assist with squeezing every bit of precious airtime, which is one of the foundations of high performing WLANs. There are many tasks associated with properly designing and deploying a wireless network-one of the most important is developing a channel plan. How-to video tutorials of helpful getting started topics Understand potential issues and ways to resolve them Register for upcoming webinars and watch recordings Take a deeper dive into the more complex aspects of Wi-Fi Get a crash course on Ekahau solutions in this 3-hour training
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